rõhumõõturid

Rõhumõõturid, commonly known as pressure gauges, are instruments used to measure the pressure of a fluid, whether it be a gas or a liquid. Pressure is defined as force per unit area, and these devices quantify this force exerted by the fluid on a given surface. Various types of pressure gauges exist, each utilizing different principles to achieve measurement.

One common type is the Bourdon tube gauge. This gauge features a curved, flattened tube that tends to straighten when subjected to internal pressure. The movement of the tube's end is mechanically linked to a pointer on a calibrated dial, indicating the measured pressure. Another type is the diaphragm gauge, which uses a flexible diaphragm that deforms under pressure. This deformation is then translated into a pressure reading, often through mechanical linkages or electronic sensors. Capsule gauges are similar, employing a sealed, corrugated capsule that expands or contracts with pressure changes.

Manometers are a simpler form of pressure measurement, often using a U-shaped tube filled with a liquid, typically mercury or water. The difference in the liquid levels in the two arms of the U-tube indicates the pressure difference. Digital pressure gauges have become increasingly prevalent, utilizing electronic sensors like strain gauges or piezoelectric elements to convert pressure into an electrical signal, which is then displayed numerically. These digital instruments offer higher accuracy and convenience.

The applications of pressure gauges are vast, spanning numerous industries. They are crucial in industrial processes for monitoring and controlling operations in systems like boilers, pipelines, and hydraulic systems. In the automotive sector, they are used to check tire pressure and monitor engine oil pressure. Medical devices, such as blood pressure monitors and respirators, also rely on accurate pressure measurement.