põõsad

Põõsad are woody plants with multiple stems and a relatively compact habit, typically shorter than trees. They form a shrub layer in natural landscapes and are widely used in gardens and urban design. Põõsad differ from trees mainly by size and branching; they usually reach a few meters in height and do not develop a single main trunk.

They can be deciduous or evergreen. Leaves, flowers, and fruits vary by species. They reproduce by seeds and vegetative methods such as cuttings or layering, which makes propagation straightforward for many species.

In cultivation, põõsad are valued for their year-round structure, seasonal flowers and foliage, and are used as ornamental plants, hedges, windbreaks, and ground-covering forms. They can be pruned to maintain size, shape, or to promote flowering, with timing depending on whether the shrub blooms on old or new wood.

Common cultivated genera include Hydrangea, Spiraea, Forsythia, Rhododendron, Berberis, Buxus, Euonymus, and Viburnum. Native and early-successional shrubs also contribute to biodiversity in gardens.

Care guidelines: plant in well-drained soil with adequate sun; water regularly while establishing; apply appropriate pruning for desired shape and flowering pattern; monitor pests and diseases.

Propagation: cuttings, layering, or division; some species are best propagated from seeds.