põletushaavad

Põletushaavad, commonly referred to as burns, are injuries to the skin or other tissues caused by heat, friction, electricity, radiation, or chemicals. The severity of a burn is classified by its depth and the extent of the affected area.

First-degree burns affect only the outermost layer of skin, the epidermis. They typically cause redness, pain, and mild swelling, and usually heal within a week without scarring. Sunburn is a common example of a first-degree burn.

Second-degree burns penetrate into the dermis, the layer beneath the epidermis. These burns are characterized by redness, pain, swelling, and blistering. They can be superficial partial-thickness or deep partial-thickness, with deeper burns taking longer to heal and potentially leading to scarring.

Third-degree burns extend through the entire dermis and into the underlying tissues. The affected skin may appear white, charred, or leathery, and there might be little to no pain because nerve endings have been destroyed. These burns require immediate medical attention and often necessitate skin grafting.

Fourth-degree burns are the most severe, extending beyond the skin to damage underlying muscle, tendons, and bone. These are life-threatening injuries.

Treatment for burns depends on their severity and extent. Minor burns can often be treated at home with cool water, gentle cleaning, and protective dressings. More severe burns require professional medical care, which may include pain management, wound care, fluid replacement, antibiotics, and surgery. Prevention of burns through safety precautions in the home and workplace is crucial.