psychoterapie

Psychoterapie, or psychotherapy, is a structured form of mental health care based on verbal interaction between a person and a trained clinician. Its goal is to alleviate distress, improve emotional regulation, behavior, and functioning, and promote well-being. Psychotherapy can be short-term or long-term and may be delivered one-on-one, in groups, or with families, couples, or online.

There are several approaches, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), psychodynamic therapy, humanistic and existential therapies, and systemic or family therapy. Most modern therapies emphasize the therapeutic alliance, collaborative goal setting, and evidence-based techniques. Therapists tailor approaches to the individual's needs, cultural background, and current life situation.

Techniques vary by approach but commonly include psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, exposure and behavior activation, skills training (for emotion regulation or coping), and interpersonal or family interventions. Psychotherapy is used for anxiety and mood disorders, OCD, PTSD, trauma, substance use, personality disorders, and relationship problems, and can be integrated with pharmacotherapy or other treatments when appropriate.

Training and ethics: Practitioners are regulated by professional bodies and require formal education, supervised practice, and licensure. Confidentiality and informed consent are central ethical principles. Evidence supports efficacy for many conditions, though access, quality of care, and cultural adaptation vary. While generally safe, psychotherapy can have short-term risks for some individuals, and outcomes depend on therapist competence and engagement.