practikum

Praktikum, or practicum in English, is a structured, supervised period of practical work that forms part of a formal training or degree program. Its aim is to apply theoretical knowledge in real-world settings and to develop professional competencies under guidance.

In German-speaking countries, Praktikum is a common component of university studies and teacher training, as well as programs in social work, psychology, nursing, engineering and other fields. The duration typically ranges from several weeks to several months and it may be mandatory or optional. Pay and conditions vary, and in many cases the Praktikum counts toward degree requirements or credits.

In Anglophone contexts, a practicum refers to a supervised field experience embedded in degree programs such as psychology, social work, counseling or education. It emphasizes applying theory, practicing skills, and reflective learning, with evaluation by a field supervisor in addition to course requirements. Documentation often includes hours logging, a portfolio, a case study, or a final report.

Administration and outcomes: Institutions arrange placements, provide guidelines, and establish learning objectives. Students receive supervision, maintain journals or portfolios, and complete assessments to demonstrate competency development, ethical awareness, and professional readiness. The practicum may contribute to licensure or certification in some fields, depending on jurisdiction.

Relation to internships: Practicum is sometimes used interchangeably with internship, but it is typically shorter, more closely tied to academic coursework, and focused on developing specific competencies rather than full-time employment.