porody

Poród is the Polish term for birth or delivery, the process by which a fetus or young offspring is born and leaves the uterus. In everyday language it refers to human birth, while in veterinary contexts it denotes birth events in non-human mammals. The plural porody is used to describe multiple births or distinct birth events. In medical literature, poród is divided into stages and may be accompanied by various signs, risks, and management practices.

In human obstetrics, labor is typically described in three stages: the first stage involves cervical dilation and effacement; the second stage is the expulsion of the baby; the third stage involves delivery of the placenta. Signs of approaching birth include regular contractions, back and abdominal pain, and rupture of the amniotic sac. Management focuses on maternal and fetal monitoring, pain relief, and timely intervention when indicated, including cesarean delivery in cases of fetal distress, obstructed labor, or maternal risk.

In veterinary medicine, poród varies by species and gestation length. Assistance may be routine in livestock to prevent dystocia, ensure airway and circulation for newborns, and provide warmth and colostrum. Postpartum care includes monitoring for infection, bleeding, and passive immunity transfer through colostrum in many mammals.

Poród is a fundamental concept in obstetrics and veterinary obstetrics, encompassing physiological, medical, and welfare considerations surrounding birth.