polineuropátiá

Polineuropátia refers to a condition affecting multiple peripheral nerves, causing widespread nerve damage. Peripheral nerves are those outside the brain and spinal cord, responsible for transmitting signals between the central nervous system and the rest of the body. This damage can lead to a variety of symptoms, often affecting both motor and sensory functions.

Common symptoms of polyneuropathy include numbness, tingling, and pain, particularly in the hands and feet. Motor symptoms can manifest as muscle weakness, difficulty with coordination, and in severe cases, paralysis. The progression of polyneuropathy can vary greatly, from a slow, gradual onset to a more rapid deterioration.

There are numerous causes for polyneuropathy, with diabetes being one of the most frequent underlying conditions. Other causes include vitamin deficiencies, autoimmune diseases, infections, exposure to toxins, certain medications, and genetic predispositions. Identifying the specific cause is crucial for effective management and treatment.

Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, neurological examination, and often electrodiagnostic tests such as nerve conduction studies and electromyography. Blood tests may also be performed to detect underlying conditions like diabetes or vitamin deficiencies. Treatment strategies are tailored to the underlying cause and may include managing the primary disease, medications to alleviate symptoms like pain, and physical therapy to improve strength and function.