plasticizerssubstances

Plasticizers are additives that increase the plasticity or fluidity of a material, most commonly plastics. They work by embedding themselves between the polymer chains, reducing the intermolecular forces and increasing the free volume. This allows the polymer chains to slide past each other more easily, making the material softer, more flexible, and more workable. Plasticizers are widely used in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to make it less brittle and more adaptable for various applications.

Common types of plasticizers include phthalates, adipates, and citrates. Phthalates have historically been the most prevalent, but concerns about their potential health and environmental impacts have led to a search for alternatives. The selection of a plasticizer depends on the desired properties of the final product, such as flexibility, durability, temperature resistance, and compatibility with the polymer.

The use of plasticizers is essential in many everyday items. They are found in electrical insulation, flooring, wall coverings, medical devices like tubing and blood bags, automotive interiors, toys, and packaging materials. Without plasticizers, many plastics would be too rigid for their intended uses. Research continues into developing safer and more sustainable plasticizer options.