phlebolith

A phlebolith is a calcification that forms within a vein. These small, rounded, and often multiple calcifications are typically found in the pelvic veins or leg veins. Phleboliths are generally asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally on medical imaging, such as X-rays, CT scans, or ultrasound, usually when investigating other conditions. They are not associated with any specific disease and are considered a benign finding.

The exact cause of phlebolith formation is not fully understood, but it is thought to be related to slow blood flow and the presence of small blood clots that gradually calcify over time. Factors such as age, obesity, and prolonged immobility may contribute to their development. The size of phleboliths can vary, but they are typically a few millimeters in diameter. While they are usually harmless, in rare cases, a phlebolith might be mistaken for a kidney stone or gallstone on imaging, though their characteristic appearance and location help differentiate them. No treatment is necessary for phleboliths, and they do not require removal. Their presence does not indicate a medical problem requiring intervention.