peräpukamista

Peräpukamat, also known as hemorrhoids, are swollen veins in the anus and lower rectum. They are a common condition that can affect people of all ages. Peräpukamat can be caused by increased pressure in the lower rectum, often due to straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation, pregnancy, obesity, and prolonged sitting.

There are two main types of peräpukamat: internal and external. Internal peräpukamat are located inside the rectum and are usually painless, though they may cause bleeding during bowel movements. External peräpukamat are located under the skin around the anus. They can be itchy, painful, and may bleed or form a blood clot.

Symptoms of peräpukamat can vary depending on the type and severity. Common symptoms include itching, irritation, pain or discomfort, swelling around the anus, and bleeding. Bleeding is often noticed as bright red blood on toilet paper or in the toilet bowl.

Diagnosis is typically made through a physical examination, and sometimes a digital rectal exam or anoscopy may be performed to visualize the peräpukamat. Treatment options depend on the severity of the condition. For mild cases, lifestyle changes such as increasing fiber intake, drinking more fluids, and avoiding straining during bowel movements can provide relief. Over-the-counter creams, ointments, and suppositories can help alleviate itching and pain. For more severe cases, medical procedures like rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, or surgery may be necessary to remove or shrink the peräpukamat. It is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.