perusasento

Perusasento, literally meaning "basic position" in Finnish, is the fundamental starting and reference posture used across Finnish physical education, martial arts, wrestling, and many ball and track activities. It serves as a common baseline from which movements such as stepping, twisting, jumping, and changing direction are initiated. In its general form, the stance features feet roughly shoulder-width apart, toes pointing forward or slightly outward, weight distributed evenly between both feet, knees with a light bend, hips aligned under the shoulders, and a tall, relaxed spine with the head up. Arms are held in a natural, ready position, typically with elbows slightly bent and hands relaxed or in front of the body to protect the torso.

Discipline-specific variations exist. For example, in some martial arts or combat sports the perusasento may be deeper or more narrow to improve stability and readiness for attack or defense. In gymnastics or dance the stance is often more upright and may adjust to the required movement sequence. Regardless, the key properties are balance, mobility, and the ability to transfer weight smoothly between feet.

In training and assessment, perusasento is used to teach correct posture, symmetry, and body alignment, and to monitor fatigue or movement inefficiency when the stance widens, narrows, or stiffens. It also reduces the risk of injury by encouraging a neutral spine, relaxed shoulders, and controlled breathing.

See also: basic stance, athletic stance, neutral posture.