perches

Perches can refer to several related concepts in English. The most common senses are a resting place for birds, a freshwater fish in the genus Perca, and a historical unit of length.

As a roost or support, a perch is a solid rod, branch, or other surface on which birds perch or rest. In natural settings, perches occur in trees, shrubs, and buildings. In captivity, such as aviaries and cages, perches are provided in varying diameters and textures to exercise feet and encourage natural behavior. Perches may be made from wood, cork, or rope, and are often arranged at different heights to reduce stress and competition.

As a fish, perch refers to several species of the genus Perca, especially the European perch (Perca fluviatilis) and the yellow perch (Perca flavescens). Perches are typically medium-sized, elongated freshwater fish with distinctive vertical markings and a serrated dorsal fin. They inhabit lakes, rivers, and coastal waters in the Northern Hemisphere and are valued for recreational fishing and commercial use. They are mostly predatory, feeding on invertebrates and smaller fish, and reproduce through seasonal spawning.

Perch also denotes a historical unit of length, equal to five and a half yards (16.5 feet or about 5.03 meters). Known as the perch or rod, it was used in land surveying and property descriptions in some English-speaking regions, but its use has declined.