pengadaan

Pengadaan is the process of obtaining goods, services, or works through planned activities to meet organizational needs. It covers planning, acquisition, and contract management. In Indonesia, pengadaan barang dan jasa is a term used especially in the public sector, structured to ensure value for money and accountability. In the private sector, pengadaan refers to corporate procurement to source supplier relationships and ensure timely delivery.

In the public sector, pengadaan is governed by regulations intended to promote transparency, competition, and accountability. Key principles include fairness, open competition, efficiency, integrity, and traceability. Government agencies use standardized procedures and often electronic procurement systems to solicit bids and evaluate proposals.

The typical procurement process includes: need assessment and budgeting; specification of requirements; selection of procurement method (tender, selective bidding, direct procurement); supplier registration and bidding; bid evaluation and contract award; contract execution and performance management; payment and post-completion audit.

Common procurement methods include competitive bidding (tender), limited tender, and direct procurement, chosen according to rules and thresholds. Modern practices employ e-procurement platforms, electronic catalogs (e-catalog), and supplier performance tracking, often coordinated through platforms such as LPSE in Indonesia.

Challenges include ensuring compliance with regulations, preventing conflicts of interest, managing procurement risks, and achieving timely delivery. Proper pengadaan supports public service delivery, cost efficiency, and governance, while in the private sector it supports supply chain resilience and competitive advantage.