pedál

Pedál is a lever operated by the foot to control a mechanism. It translates a user’s pressing action into a mechanical response that moves, slows, or regulates a device. The term is used across contexts such as vehicles, musical instruments, and machinery. The word is borrowed from German Pedal, with roots in Latin and other European languages.

On bicycles, pedals are the parts connected to the crank that the rider pushes with the foot. They can be platform pedals or equipped with toe clips or clipless systems. Pedals transfer rider force to the crank, which drives the chain and wheels. Materials include metal and plastic, with various bearings for smooth rotation and anti-slip surfaces.

In cars and motorcycles, pedals regulate propulsion, braking, and gear engagement. The accelerator or gas pedal controls engine power; the brake pedal actuates the braking system; manual transmissions also use a clutch pedal to disconnect the engine from the drive train. Modern vehicles often use electronic or hydraulic systems, but the basic pedal principle remains unchanged.

On keyboard instruments such as pianos, pedals modify the sound after the note is struck. The common functions include sustaining, dampening, and softening the tone, achieved by lifting dampers, altering resonance, or changing the action.

Pedals are also used in sewing machines, medical and laboratory equipment, and various industrial machines where hands-free control is needed. A foot pedal may be a simple switch or provide variable speed or force control, depending on the application.

In summary, a pedál is a versatile, foot-operated control that enables hands-free operation and precise modulation across many devices.