patofysiologie

Patofysiologi is the study of the disordered physiological processes that cause, result from, or are otherwise associated with a disease or injury. It bridges the gap between normal physiology and pathology, explaining how and why the body malfunctions in a diseased state. Understanding patofysiologi is crucial for diagnosing diseases, developing effective treatments, and predicting prognoses.

It examines the functional changes that occur at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ levels. For instance, in diabetes mellitus, patofysiologi investigates how insulin resistance or deficiency leads to elevated blood glucose levels, and the subsequent damage to blood vessels, nerves, and organs. Similarly, in a heart attack, it explains the blockage of coronary arteries and the resulting lack of oxygen to the heart muscle, leading to cell death and impaired cardiac function.

The field often involves identifying specific mechanisms, such as genetic mutations, abnormal protein interactions, or inflammatory responses, that initiate or perpetuate disease processes. By understanding these underlying mechanisms, medical professionals can target interventions more precisely. Patofysiologi provides the scientific foundation for clinical medicine, enabling a deeper comprehension of disease progression and the rationale behind therapeutic strategies. It is a dynamic field that continually evolves with advances in biological sciences and medical research.