pajzsmirigyabláció

Pajzsmirigyabláció is a medical procedure used to treat thyroid conditions, primarily hyperthyroidism, and in some cases, thyroid nodules. It involves the targeted destruction of abnormal thyroid tissue. The most common method for pajzsmirigyabláció is radioactive iodine therapy, also known as radioiodine ablation. In this treatment, the patient ingests a dose of radioactive iodine (typically iodine-131) in capsule or liquid form. The thyroid gland naturally absorbs iodine, so the radioactive isotope concentrates in the thyroid tissue. The radiation emitted by the iodine-131 then damages and destroys the overactive or abnormal cells, reducing the size and function of the thyroid gland.

Radioiodine ablation is often used for Graves' disease, a common cause of hyperthyroidism, as well as for toxic multinodular goiters. The dosage of radioactive iodine is carefully calculated based on the size of the thyroid gland and the severity of the condition. After treatment, patients may experience temporary side effects such as neck tenderness or a sore throat. A period of isolation may be recommended to minimize radiation exposure to others. Over time, the thyroid function decreases, often leading to hypothyroidism, which then requires lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy.

Other less common methods of ablation exist, such as ethanol ablation for thyroid cysts or small nodules, but radioiodine ablation remains the standard for treating hyperthyroidism. Pajzsmirigyabláció is generally considered a safe and effective treatment option, with high success rates in normalizing thyroid function. Its suitability for a particular patient depends on their specific thyroid condition, medical history, and other factors, and is determined by a healthcare professional.