paclets

A paclet is a software package used by Wolfram Language, the programming language behind Mathematica and other Wolfram products. Paclets are essentially collections of files, including code, data, documentation, and other resources, that extend the functionality of the Wolfram Language. They are the primary mechanism for distributing and managing third-party add-ons and internal components within the Wolfram ecosystem.

Paclets allow developers to share and users to easily install custom functions, libraries, and applications. These can range from simple utility packages to complex interactive systems. The Wolfram Language's paclet manager is responsible for locating, loading, and managing these packages, ensuring that the correct versions are used and that dependencies are met.

The structure of a paclet is standardized, typically involving a specific directory layout and a descriptor file (often named paclet.json) that contains metadata about the paclet, such as its name, version, author, and dependencies. This standardization facilitates automatic discovery and management by the Wolfram Language. Installing a paclet usually involves placing it in a designated paclets directory or using a dedicated installation command. Unloading or removing paclets is also managed through the paclet manager. This system provides a robust and organized way to enhance and customize the Wolfram Language environment.