osteotómák

Osteotomas are benign bone tumors that arise from mature bone tissue. They are typically solitary and slow-growing, presenting as hard, rounded masses. Osteotomas can occur in various locations throughout the skeleton, but they are most commonly found in the skull and facial bones, particularly the paranasal sinuses and mandible. They can also occur in the long bones, such as the femur and tibia.

The exact cause of osteotomas is not fully understood, but they are thought to arise from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Trauma or inflammation in the affected area may also play a role in their development. In most cases, osteotomas are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during imaging for other medical conditions. However, if an osteotoma grows large enough, it can cause symptoms such as pain, swelling, pressure, or obstruction of normal anatomical pathways. For example, an osteotoma in a sinus may lead to recurrent sinusitis, while one in the mandible could interfere with chewing.

Diagnosis of osteotomas is usually made through imaging studies, including X-rays, CT scans, and MRI. These modalities help to delineate the size, location, and characteristics of the lesion. Histological examination of excised tissue is the definitive method for diagnosis, confirming the benign nature of the tumor composed of dense, mature bone.

Treatment for osteotomas depends on their size, location, and whether they are causing symptoms. Small, asymptomatic osteotomas often do not require any treatment and can be monitored with serial imaging. Symptomatic osteotomas or those that pose a risk of complications may be surgically removed. The surgical approach will vary depending on the location of the osteotoma. Prognosis after removal is generally excellent, with a low risk of recurrence.