orthese

Orthese is a wearable medical device designed to support, align, prevent or correct deformities and to improve function of the musculoskeletal system. It is external and removable, unlike implanted hardware or a prosthesis that replaces a body part. An orthosis typically transfers loads, restricts or guides movement, or stabilizes a joint or body segment.

The term orthese or orthosis derives from Greek roots meaning straight or correct. In English, the plural is orthoses (also ortheses in older usage). In French, the term orthèse is common, with plural orthèses. The concept encompasses a wide range of devices designed to assist posture, alignment, and movement.

Common forms include spinal orthoses (such as thoracolumbosacral or lumbar-pelvic braces) and limb orthoses (ankle-foot orthoses, knee-ankle-foot orthoses, knee or elbow orthoses, and wrist-hand orthoses). Orthoses may be rigid or semirigid to immobilize or stabilize a region, semirigid to control motion, or soft to support and align without rigid restriction. They can be custom-made to a patient’s anatomy or prefabricated for quick fitting, with the latter often used as interim or budget options.

Indications include post-injury stabilization, correction of deformities (for example scoliosis or foot alignment), circulation or nerve-impairment management, and functional support for neurological or musculoskeletal conditions. Fitting is typically performed by an orthotist in collaboration with a physician, using measurements, casts, or digital scans. Ongoing adjustments, skin inspection, and hygiene are important, as improper fit can cause skin irritation or pressure ulcers.

Regulatory oversight treats orthoses as medical devices, with varying requirements for safety and labeling by region (for example CE marking in Europe and FDA oversight in the United States).