operculectomy

Opercullectomy is a minor surgical procedure that removes the operculum, a flap of soft tissue that covers part of a tooth, typically a partially erupted molar. The operation is used to treat recurrent pericoronitis and to allow proper cleaning and eruption of the tooth by eliminating the inflamed mucosa that traps debris.

Indications include repeated episodes of pericoronitis around a partially erupted third molar, pain, swelling, or infection related to the operculum, and failure of conservative management. It may be chosen when the operculum predisposes to food entrapment or when extraction of the tooth is not desired.

Procedure: usually performed under local anesthesia. The clinician excises the operculum with a scalpel, laser, or electrosurgery, taking care to minimize damage to surrounding mucosa and teeth. After removal, the wound is irrigated and hemostasis achieved; sutures may be placed if needed. The procedure is relatively quick and often ambulatory.

Postoperative care: analgesics, anti-inflammatory meds, oral rinses (saline or antiseptic), soft diet, gentle oral hygiene. Temporary discomfort is common. Complications include bleeding, infection, delayed healing, and, rarely, dry socket or recurrence if residual opercular tissue remains. Healing typically occurs over 1–2 weeks.

Alternatives: improved hygiene with conservative debridement; partial removal of the operculum via selective gingivectomy; or extraction of the tooth to prevent recurrence. The choice depends on tooth position, eruption status, and patient preferences.