nonJS

NonJS is a term used in web development to describe approaches and tooling that minimize or avoid client-side JavaScript in favor of delivering content and interactions through standard HTML and CSS, often with server-side processing. The goal is to provide functional, accessible experiences that remain usable even when JavaScript is limited or unavailable.

Origins and rationale: The concept emerges from concerns about performance, accessibility, and security, as well as the everyday realities of older devices or restrictive browsers. Proponents emphasize progressive enhancement, where the baseline experience is fully functional without JS and enhancements are layered on with JavaScript as a optional improvement.

Techniques and patterns: Server-side rendering and static-site generation deliver complete pages without relying on client scripts. CSS-only interactions use selectors and stateful inputs to provide menus, tabs, or accordions without JS. Forms, hyperlinks, and server round-trips handle interactivity that would otherwise require client scripting. Where JS is used, it is kept as an optional enhancement rather than a requirement.

Trade-offs and limitations: NonJS approaches can improve initial load times, accessibility, and search engine visibility, but they may restrict the richness of client-side interactivity and dynamic state management. Complex applications often rely on JavaScript, and nonJS strategies may require more server resources and sophisticated design to maintain user experience across devices.

Relation to broader web development: NonJS is compatible with progressive enhancement and graceful degradation philosophies. It does not ban JavaScript but favors designs that degrade gracefully. Modern tooling may support nonJS workflows alongside traditional JavaScript SPA patterns, including static site generators, headless CMS backends, and CSS-driven components.

See also: progressive enhancement, server-side rendering, accessible web design, static site generation.