nestemekaniikan

Nestemekaniikka is the branch of physics that studies fluids, which are substances that deform continuously under an applied shear stress. This deformation, or flow, is a defining characteristic of fluids. The field encompasses both liquids and gases. Nestemekaniikka is broadly divided into two main areas: fluid statics and fluid dynamics.

Fluid statics, also known as hydrostatics, deals with fluids at rest. Key concepts include pressure, which is defined as force per unit area, and buoyancy, the upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object. Archimedes' principle is a fundamental law in fluid statics, stating that the buoyant force on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

Fluid dynamics, on the other hand, is concerned with fluids in motion. This area is significantly more complex and involves studying phenomena such as viscosity, which measures a fluid's resistance to flow, and turbulence, a chaotic and irregular fluid motion. Bernoulli's principle is another important concept in fluid dynamics, relating the pressure, velocity, and gravitational potential energy of a fluid. Applications of nestemekaniikka are vast, ranging from the design of aircraft and ships to understanding blood flow in the human body and the behavior of weather systems.