müokardiinfarktini

Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, is a serious medical condition that occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart muscle is blocked. This blockage is typically caused by a buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries, which can rupture and form a blood clot. The lack of oxygenated blood to the heart muscle can cause damage or death to the affected tissue.

Symptoms of a myocardial infarction can vary in intensity and presentation. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort, often described as pressure, squeezing, or fullness. This pain may radiate to the arm, jaw, neck, or back. Other symptoms can include shortness of breath, cold sweat, nausea, vomiting, and lightheadedness. It is important to note that not everyone experiences the same symptoms, and some individuals, particularly women and the elderly, may have less typical signs.

Immediate medical attention is crucial if a myocardial infarction is suspected. Emergency services should be contacted without delay. Diagnosis typically involves an electrocardiogram (ECG) to assess the heart's electrical activity, blood tests to detect cardiac enzymes released into the bloodstream, and sometimes imaging techniques like an echocardiogram.

Treatment aims to restore blood flow to the heart muscle as quickly as possible. This may involve medications such as aspirin to prevent further clotting, thrombolytics to dissolve existing clots, or angioplasty and stenting to open blocked arteries. Lifestyle modifications and cardiac rehabilitation are also important components of recovery and long-term management to reduce the risk of future events.