munuaisvajaus

Munuaisvajaus, often referred to as kidney failure or renal failure, is a medical condition where the kidneys are unable to adequately filter waste products and excess fluid from the blood. This impairment can be acute, developing suddenly over a short period, or chronic, progressing gradually over months or years.

The primary functions of the kidneys include removing waste and excess water from the blood, regulating blood pressure, producing hormones that stimulate red blood cell production, and maintaining bone health. When these functions are compromised due to munuaisvajaus, waste materials can accumulate in the body, leading to a range of serious health issues.

Causes of acute munuaisvajaus can include severe dehydration, infections, certain medications, and blockages in the urinary tract. Chronic munuaisvajaus is frequently caused by long-term conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and autoimmune diseases like lupus.

Symptoms can vary depending on the severity and cause. Early stages of chronic munuaisvajaus may present with few noticeable symptoms. As it progresses, individuals might experience fatigue, swelling in the legs and ankles, changes in urination patterns, nausea, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis typically involves blood and urine tests, imaging scans, and sometimes a kidney biopsy. Treatment aims to manage the underlying cause, slow the progression of the disease, and address complications. In advanced stages, dialysis or kidney transplantation may be necessary.