munasarjasyöpätutkeille

Munasarjasyöpä, also known as ovarian cancer, is a type of malignancy that originates in the ovaries, which are female reproductive glands located in the pelvis. The ovaries produce eggs and hormones, and they play a crucial role in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Munasarjasyöpä is relatively rare, accounting for about 3% of all female cancers. It is typically diagnosed in women over the age of 40, but it can occur at any age.

The most common type of ovarian cancer is epithelial ovarian cancer, which accounts for about 90% of cases. Other types include germ cell tumors, stromal tumors, and rare forms like clear cell carcinoma and mucinous carcinoma. The symptoms of ovarian cancer are often non-specific and can include abdominal pain, bloating, pelvic pain, and changes in bowel or bladder habits. These symptoms can be attributed to many other conditions, making early detection challenging.

Diagnosis of ovarian cancer often involves a combination of imaging tests, such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, and blood tests to measure tumor markers like CA-125. A biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment options depend on the stage of the cancer, its subtype, and the patient's overall health. Common treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Advanced stages of the disease may require a combination of these approaches.

Early detection and regular screening are crucial for improving outcomes. However, there is no widely accepted screening test for ovarian cancer due to the lack of specific symptoms in early stages. Research is ongoing to develop better diagnostic tools and more effective treatments. Awareness and education about the symptoms and risk factors of ovarian cancer are essential for encouraging early detection and improving survival rates.