multisplits

Multisplits are a type of air conditioning system in which a single outdoor condenser unit connects to two or more indoor air-handling units via refrigerant piping. Each indoor unit can be controlled independently, allowing different rooms or zones to be cooled or heated to different temperatures without installing separate outdoor units.

The outdoor module typically houses the compressor and condenser; indoor units can include wall-mounted units, ceiling cassettes, floor-standing units, or ducted air handlers. The refrigerant circuit is designed so the outdoor unit can modulate its output to match the combined load. Inverter-driven models adjust capacity continuously, improving efficiency and comfort. Common configurations range from two to five indoor units, though higher counts exist in some designs.

Advantages include reduced outdoor equipment footprint, flexible zoning, and potential energy savings through selective operation. Multisplits are often chosen in apartments, small homes, and light commercial spaces where multiple rooms require cooling or heating but space or aesthetics limit multiple outdoor units.

Limitations and considerations include the need for careful sizing and load calculation: the sum of the indoor unit capacities should be compatible with the outdoor unit’s capacity and refrigerant charge. Performance can decline under simultaneous full-load operation of many rooms, and longer refrigerant runs require skilled design to avoid inefficiencies or flow issues. Installation and service require qualified technicians familiar with multi-split refrigerant circuits, refrigerant type (commonly R-410A), and local codes.

Applications include residential multi-room cooling/heating and small commercial zones. See also minisplit, zoning, energy efficiency.