mtDNApopulaatioon
mtDNA population genetics studies the variation of mitochondrial DNA across individuals and populations. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a small, circular genome inherited almost exclusively from the mother and does not recombine. Because it tracks a single maternal lineage, mtDNA provides information about population structure, migration, and demographic history.
In humans, the mtDNA genome is about 16,569 base pairs and encodes 13 proteins, 22 tRNAs, and
Analytical approaches include constructing haplotype networks and phylogenetic trees, estimating coalescent times, and inferring historical demography
Applications span human anthropology, forensic science, and conservation genetics. However, mtDNA reflects only the maternal line
Key resources include MITOMAP, PhyloTree, and EMPOP, which curate mtDNA variants, haplogroups, and population-level data for