moonlighting

Moonlighting is the practice of holding a second job or performing additional paid work outside one's primary employment. This can include part-time work at another employer, freelancing, consulting, or running a small business in the evenings or weekends.

People moonlight for various reasons: to supplement income, to develop new skills, to pursue a personal interest, or to gain work experience in a different field. Economic conditions, high living costs, or wage stagnation can increase the prevalence of moonlighting.

Legal and professional considerations include employer policies on outside employment, conflicts of interest, and disclosure requirements. Some jobs prohibit secondary employment, or mandate timing restrictions to protect safety or performance. Tax and legal obligations may require self-employment taxes, estimated payments, or business licenses.

Potential effects: moonlighting can improve financial security and job satisfaction if it aligns with personal goals, but it can also reduce sleep, productivity, or increase burnout. It may raise concerns about loyalty or confidentiality, depending on the work and industry.

In labor and economic discussions, moonlighting is seen as a strategy by workers to diversify income sources; employers may view it as a mixed signal, and regulations vary by jurisdiction.