modellendirme

Modellendirme, the Turkish term for modeling, is the practice of creating abstract representations of real-world systems to analyze behavior, run experiments, make predictions, or support decisions. It encompasses mathematical, computational, physical, and conceptual approaches and is used across engineering, science, economics, and social sciences. The aim is to reduce complexity while retaining essential structure and dynamics so that changes in inputs, rules, or structure can be explored safely and efficiently.

Common methods include mathematical modeling with equations and variables; data-driven or statistical models; computational simulations such as agent-based, discrete-event, or continuous-time models; and conceptual models such as flow diagrams and diagrams using modeling languages (for example UML or SysML). Models can be descriptive, predictive, or prescriptive, and may be physical (scale models) or abstract (software simulations).

The modeling process typically follows steps: define objectives and scope; determine system boundaries and components; select variables and relationships; construct the model; verify and validate through analysis and data; calibrate using observations; run experiments and scenario analyses; interpret results and communicate limitations and uncertainties.

Applications span engineering design and systems engineering, environmental and energy planning, epidemiology and public health, economics and finance, urban planning, and software development. Tools range from programming languages (Python, R) and specialized software (MATLAB/Simulink, AnyLogic) to spreadsheet models and GIS. Modellendirme remains foundational for understanding complex systems and informing policy, design, and risk assessment.