migræner

Migræner is a neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of moderate to severe headache, often accompanied by a range of other symptoms. These headaches are typically unilateral, meaning they affect one side of the head, and are described as throbbing or pulsating. The intensity of the pain can be debilitating, interfering with daily activities.

Common accompanying symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and a heightened sensitivity to light (photophobia) and sound (phonophobia). Some individuals experience an aura before the headache begins. An aura is a set of sensory disturbances that can include visual changes like flashing lights or blind spots, or sensory alterations such as tingling or numbness. These auras usually last for a short period, typically 5 to 60 minutes, and precede the headache phase.

The exact cause of migræner is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve complex interactions between nerve pathways, brain chemicals, and blood vessels. Genetics appears to play a role, as migræner often runs in families. Triggers for migræner attacks can vary widely among individuals and may include stress, hormonal changes, certain foods or drinks, changes in sleep patterns, and environmental factors like bright lights or strong smells.

Diagnosis of migræner is usually based on a person's medical history and a description of their symptoms. There is no cure for migræner, but various treatments are available to manage the condition. These can include acute medications taken during an attack to relieve pain and associated symptoms, as well as preventive medications for those who experience frequent or severe episodes. Lifestyle modifications and trigger avoidance are also important aspects of management.