migrantkrisen

Migrantkrisen is a term used in Scandinavian languages to describe the period in the mid-2010s when Europe faced large-scale arrivals of migrants and asylum seekers, peaking in 2015–2016. The term is sometimes debated, with some preferring "refugee crisis" or "migration crisis" depending on the focus.

Causes and routes: The crisis was driven by conflicts and persecution in Syria, Afghanistan, Iraq, and other regions, combined with economic hardship and displacement. Many migrants crossed the Mediterranean from North Africa and the Levant to Italy and Greece, and later moved through the Western Balkans to Northern Europe; smuggling networks facilitated travel.

Policy responses: The European Union and member states implemented border controls, asylum policy changes, and rescue operations. A notable measure was the EU-Turkey deal of 2016 to curb irregular migration. There were also relocations, resettlements, and efforts to strengthen Frontex and border surveillance; debates on asylum rules and Dublin Regulation reforms.

Impacts: Important political and social effects occurred across Europe, including shifts in public opinion, changes in national asylum policies, and the strengthening of border controls. The events contributed to ongoing discussions about migration governance, solidarity, and humanitarian responsibilities.

The term remains contested in public discourse and scholarship, and is closely related to debates on asylum policy, border management, and international migration.