midstance

Midstance is a subphase of the stance phase in the human gait cycle, occurring after initial contact and loading response and before terminal stance. During midstance, the body's weight is directly over the stance limb, and the center of gravity passes over the foot while the opposite leg advances in preparation for the next step.

Biomechanically, the knee remains near extension and the hip moves toward extension as the trunk and pelvis shift over the supporting limb. The ankle typically moves into dorsiflexion as the tibia progresses forward over the foot, with the surrounding muscles stabilizing the ankle and knee to maintain a stable, upright posture. The foot remains in contact with the ground, providing a stable base for single-leg support during this portion of the gait cycle.

Functionally, midstance serves to stabilize the body during weight transfer and to position the leg for the upcoming propulsion of terminal stance. It helps align the body over the stance foot, control forward progression, and maintain balance while the opposite limb is in its swing phase. Clinically, abnormalities in midstance can reflect weaknesses or coordination issues and may manifest as excessive knee movement, pelvic instability, or improper foot alignment during walking.

In context, midstance is part of the broader evaluation of gait and has implications for activities ranging from daily locomotion to athletic running, where the timing and control of weight transfer influence efficiency and stability.