midfrequencies

Midfrequencies refer to the middle portion of the audible spectrum, lying between the low and high frequencies used in music, speech, and sound effects. There is no universal boundary, and definitions vary by field. Commonly the midrange is described roughly from 250 Hz to 2 kHz, with some definitions extending to 4 kHz. Some schemes subdivide this range into lower mids (about 250–500 Hz), mids (500 Hz–2 kHz), and upper mids (2–4 kHz). The exact numbers depend on the context, such as music production, broadcasting, or acoustical measurement.

The midfrequencies are crucial for perception of timbre and articulation. They carry the body and character of many instruments and are essential for the intelligibility of speech. The higher end of the midrange, often called the upper mids, contributes to clarity and the perceived presence of sounds, including consonants in speech and the bite of certain instruments. Conversely, excessive emphasis in the midrange can produce a boxy or honky timbre, while insufficient mids can make sounds seem dull or recessed.

Applications and measurement: Midfrequencies are commonly adjusted with equalizers or crossovers in audio systems. In loudspeaker design, delivering a smooth and natural midrange is a major challenge, because many drivers and enclosures favor other bands. In room acoustics, midfrequencies are affected by reflections, absorption, and diffusion, so treatment and placement strategies aim to achieve a balanced, even response in the listening position.

See also: equalization, timbre, psychoacoustics.