memóriafoglalást

Memóriafoglalás refers to the process of allocating memory for a program or data structure in computer science. When a program needs to store information, it requests a block of memory from the operating system. This memory can be used for various purposes, such as storing variables, program instructions, or data that the program is processing.

There are different types of memory allocation. Static allocation occurs at compile time, where the memory size is fixed and known beforehand. Dynamic allocation, on the other hand, happens at runtime, allowing for flexible memory usage based on the program's needs. This is often managed through functions like malloc or new in various programming languages.

When memory is allocated, it is typically managed by a memory manager within the operating system or programming language runtime. This manager keeps track of which memory blocks are in use and which are available. As programs execute, they may allocate and deallocate memory multiple times. Deallocating memory, also known as freeing memory, returns it to the available pool so it can be reused.

Improper memory management can lead to several issues. Memory leaks occur when allocated memory is no longer needed but is not deallocated, gradually consuming available memory. This can slow down the system or cause crashes. Conversely, accessing memory that has not been allocated or has already been deallocated can lead to segmentation faults or data corruption. Efficient and correct memory allocation is crucial for program performance and stability.