markerless
Markerless is a term used in computer vision and related fields to describe systems that operate without fiducial markers or predefined reference patterns. In augmented reality (AR) and mixed reality, markerless AR uses the natural features of the environment—such as edges, textures, and structure from motion—along with data from cameras and inertial sensors to determine a device’s pose and to build a map of the surroundings. This approach contrasts with marker-based AR, which relies on predefined markers to provide orientation and scale.
Common approaches include feature-based visual SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping), optical flow, and the use of
Advantages of markerless systems include more natural user experiences—no markers to attach and greater freedom of
Overall, markerless describes a broad set of techniques for identifying position, orientation, and structure in an