maptype

Maptype is a term used in digital mapping and geographic information systems to describe a specific base map presentation or base layer used to render geographic data. It defines the visual context of the map, determining which features are shown and how they are styled, including labels, roads, terrain, and imagery. A maptype typically serves as the background over which additional data layers—points, lines, and polygons—are displayed.

Common maptypes include several standard basemaps. The road map emphasizes roads and place names, with clear navigational information and minimal imagery. Satellite imagery presents photographic views of the surface, useful for context but often with reduced legibility of labels. Hybrid combines satellite imagery with overlaid labels for better orientation. Terrain or topographic maps highlight elevation, relief shading, and contour lines to convey landscape features.

In software and API implementations, maptypes are often implemented as basemaps or base layers that users can swap through. This allows applications to switch between different visual representations to suit tasks such as navigation, analysis, or presentation. For example, Google Maps provides MapTypeId values such as ROADMAP, SATELLITE, HYBRID, and TERRAIN. Other platforms, like Mapbox, may use style-based basemaps (streets, outdoors, satellite) to achieve similar functionality.

Custom and advanced use includes creating user-defined basemaps, overlaying vector or raster tiles, and supporting offline or restricted environments. Maptypes thus offer a flexible mechanism to tailor geographic visualization to user needs, performance constraints, and data licensing.