lõikimiskiirus

Lõikimiskiirus refers to the speed at which a cutting tool moves relative to the workpiece during a machining operation. This parameter is crucial for determining the efficiency, surface finish, and tool life of the cutting process. It is typically measured in meters per minute (m/min) or feet per minute (ft/min).

The optimal lõikimiskiirus depends on several factors, including the material being cut, the type of cutting tool, the depth of cut, the feed rate, and the coolant being used. Different materials have varying hardness and thermal conductivity, which directly influence the ideal cutting speed. Harder materials generally require lower cutting speeds to prevent excessive tool wear and potential tool breakage.

The geometry and material of the cutting tool also play a significant role. Tools made from high-speed steel (HSS) can typically operate at lower lõikimiskiirus compared to tools made from cemented carbide or ceramic inserts. The depth of cut and feed rate, which represent how much material is removed in each pass and how quickly the tool advances, respectively, also interact with lõikimiskiirus. Higher feed rates or depths of cut often necessitate lower cutting speeds to maintain acceptable cutting forces and prevent overheating.

Properly setting the lõikimiskiirus is essential for achieving desired results. Too high a speed can lead to rapid tool wear, poor surface finish, and even catastrophic tool failure. Conversely, too low a speed can result in inefficient material removal, increased cycle times, and lower productivity. Therefore, machinists often consult machining handbooks or use specialized software to determine the appropriate lõikimiskiirus for a given application.