légtechnika

légtechnika is a branch of building services engineering focusing on the generation, distribution, conditioning and quality control of indoor air. It covers the design, installation, operation and maintenance of systems that provide ventilation, heating, cooling, humidity control and air purification in inhabited spaces.

Core components include air handling units, ductwork, fans, filters, heat exchangers, cooling and heating coils, humidifiers and control systems. Ventilation strategies combine mechanical systems with natural or hybrid methods. Typical configurations include variable air volume and constant air volume systems, dedicated outdoor air systems, and energy recovery ventilators. Modern légtechnika emphasizes precise control of airflow, temperature, humidity and air cleanliness, with sensors and building automation adjusting operation to occupancy and weather.

Design concerns include ensuring adequate indoor air quality, occupant comfort, energy efficiency, noise control and reliability. Calculations often reference ventilation rates, thermal loads, and filtration requirements, guided by standards such as ASHRAE 62.1 for ventilation and EN 16798 for energy performance. Applications span residential buildings, offices, shopping centers, hospitals, schools and data centers.

Energy efficiency is achieved through methods such as heat recovery, heat pumps, efficient fans and variable-speed drives, demand-controlled ventilation, and high-efficiency filtration. In hospitals and clean environments, tighter control and higher filtration are crucial.

Regulatory and market trends in légtechnika include the integration with smart building systems, demand-controlled ventilation based on CO2 or occupancy sensors, and increased focus on energy recovery and low-emission equipment. The field overlaps with environmental sustainability, public health, and urban energy planning.