loishäätö

Loishäätö (deworming) refers to the medical interventions aimed at removing helminth parasites from humans or animals and preventing reinfection. It encompasses treatment of current infections and strategies to reduce transmission, especially in areas with high parasite prevalence or in populations at risk.

Common targets include intestinal worms such as nematodes and cestodes, as well as liver- or tissue-dwelling parasites in some settings. In humans, infections can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, malnutrition, and anemia; in companion animals, parasites may cause weight loss, poor coat condition, vomiting, or anemia. In livestock, parasites can affect growth, production, and overall health.

Treatment relies on antiparasitic drugs (anthelmintics). Classes include benzimidazoles (for example albendazole, mebendazole), praziquantel, and avermectins (e.g., ivermectin) or pyrantel. Choices depend on the parasite type, host species, age, pregnancy status, and local resistance patterns. Dosing regimens and safety considerations require professional guidance from a veterinarian or physician.

Diagnosis typically involves stool examination for parasite eggs or antigens, with serology or imaging used in select cases. Prevention focuses on hygiene, sanitation, proper cooking of meat, regular deworming programs for pets and livestock, and targeted interventions in humans in endemic areas to reduce morbidity and transmission.

Public health aspects include reducing zoonotic transmission and monitoring drug resistance. Loishäätö remains a standard component of veterinary care and human tropical medicine, adapted to local epidemiology and guidelines.