leikkuupinta

Leikkuupinta, Finnish for “cutting surface,” refers to the surface produced on a workpiece as a result of a cutting or material-removal operation. It is the interface between the tool and the workpiece after a machining pass and is distinct from the original surface and from the tool contact surface.

In machining, the cutting surface is formed through chip formation, plastic deformation, and sometimes brittle fracture of the material. The resulting surface is part of the broader concept of surface integrity, which also includes residual stresses, microstructural changes, and surface condition. The texture of the leikkuupinta is often directional, reflecting the tool geometry and cutting path, and may exhibit tool marks, feed marks, and surface waviness depending on process and finishing steps.

Several factors influence the resulting cutting surface. Tool geometry (edge radius, rake angle, and coating), cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut determine the rate of material removal and the stress state near the surface. Workpiece material properties (hardness, toughness, phase structure) and the use of cooling or lubrication also affect surface quality. Vibration and machine rigidity can introduce waviness or chatter that degrades the surface.

Measurement and quality control typically involve surface roughness and texture parameters (for example Ra and Rz) obtained with profilometers or optical methods. The required leikkuupinta quality depends on the component’s function; higher precision finishes are needed in aerospace, automotive, and medical parts, while rougher surfaces may be acceptable in some engineering applications. Finishing operations such as grinding or polishing can further enhance the surface.