laserkladding

Laser cladding is a surface engineering process used to apply a protective or functional coating onto a substrate. It utilizes a focused laser beam to melt and fuse a filler material, typically in powder or wire form, onto the surface of a workpiece. The laser's high energy density allows for rapid melting and precise control, resulting in a metallurgically bonded layer with minimal dilution of the substrate material.

The process begins with the preparation of the substrate surface, which is often cleaned and sometimes preheated. The filler material is then introduced into the laser-heated melt pool, either coaxially with the laser beam or from a side feeder. As the laser moves across the substrate, it melts the filler material and a small portion of the substrate surface, creating a bond. The molten material solidifies rapidly, forming a dense, homogeneous coating.

Laser cladding offers several advantages over other coating methods. The high cooling rates can result in fine microstructures with improved mechanical properties. The precise control of heat input minimizes distortion and thermal damage to the substrate. Furthermore, the process can be highly automated, allowing for consistent and repeatable results. It is employed in various industries, including aerospace, automotive, and energy, for applications such as wear resistance, corrosion protection, and repair of worn components. Common materials used for cladding include alloys of cobalt, nickel, iron, and carbide composites.