1. **Quality Policy**: A formal statement that outlines the organization's commitment to quality. It serves as a guide for all employees and stakeholders.
2. **Quality Objectives**: Specific, measurable goals that align with the quality policy. These objectives provide a clear direction for quality improvement efforts.
3. **Quality Planning**: The process of setting quality objectives and planning how to achieve them. This includes identifying risks and opportunities related to quality.
4. **Quality Assurance**: Activities and processes that ensure quality objectives are met. This includes audits, inspections, and reviews.
5. **Quality Control**: Activities and processes that monitor and measure quality during production or service delivery. This includes sampling, testing, and feedback mechanisms.
6. **Continuous Improvement**: A philosophy that emphasizes ongoing efforts to enhance quality. This includes feedback loops, process analysis, and innovation.
7. **Documentation**: Record-keeping that supports the quality management system. This includes procedures, records, and reports.
8. **Training and Awareness**: Ensuring that all employees understand their roles in maintaining and improving quality. This includes regular training and communication.
9. **Leadership and Commitment**: Top management's involvement and support for the quality management system. This includes setting the example and providing resources.
10. **Internal Audits**: Regular reviews of the quality management system to identify areas for improvement. These are typically conducted by internal staff.
11. **Management Review**: Top management's periodic review of the quality management system. This includes assessing performance against quality objectives and making necessary adjustments.
12. **Corrective and Preventive Actions**: Processes for addressing non-conformities and preventing their recurrence. This includes root cause analysis and corrective action plans.
Laatujohtamisjärjestelmille are not one-size-fits-all and can be tailored to the specific needs and context of an organization. They are widely used in various industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, education, and service sectors. Some of the most well-known quality management standards include ISO 9001, Six Sigma, and Lean.