lÉcusson

An écusson is a small, shield-shaped emblem or coat of arms, traditionally used in heraldry to represent a family, institution, or organization. The term originates from the Old French word *escusson*, meaning "small shield," and has been widely adopted in European heraldic traditions. Écussons are often displayed on banners, flags, seals, and other insignia, serving as a visual symbol of identity, lineage, or affiliation.

In heraldry, an écusson typically features a combination of colors (tinctures), figures (charges), and motifs that convey specific meanings or attributes. Common elements include animals, plants, geometric shapes, and abstract designs, each carrying symbolic significance. For example, a lion might represent courage, while a crown could denote nobility. The design is carefully regulated by heraldic rules to ensure clarity and proper representation.

Écussons have been historically used by knights, noble families, and military units to distinguish themselves in battle or on official documents. Over time, their use expanded to include civic organizations, schools, and corporations, evolving into modern logos and emblems. Today, while heraldry remains a formal tradition in some cultures, écussons continue to appear in various contexts, from historical reenactments to contemporary branding.

The crafting of an écusson often involves consultation with a heraldic authority to ensure adherence to established rules and traditions. Digital tools and traditional engraving techniques are both employed to create these symbols, preserving their artistic and symbolic value across generations.