külalt

Külalt is an Ottoman Turkish term that refers to a gesture of honor and respect extended by a higher-ranking individual to a subordinate. This custom was traditionally observed in the Ottoman Empire, particularly within the court of the Sultan.

In the Ottoman context, külalt was a way for a superior to acknowledge the achievements and services of a lower-ranking individual. The superior would extend their cloak or a similar article of clothing to the recipient as a symbol of respect. This act was seen as a high honor and a sign of trust.

Külalt was not simply a magnanimous gesture; it was also used as a means of promoting loyalty and fealty within the imperial hierarchy. By bestowing this honor, the superior reinforced their authority and reminded the recipient of their place within the social order. Conversely, the recipient was expected to demonstrate their gratitude and loyalty by accepting the gesture.

Külalt remained an important aspect of Ottoman etiquette across various strata of society. However, after the Ottoman Empire began to decline, the tradition gradually fell out of practice. Today, külalt is largely of historical interest, although its cultural significance endures as a symbol of the complexities and nuances of Ottoman courtly culture. Historical accounts suggest that külalt was observed not only within the palace but also in other areas of Ottoman society, where similar customs of respect and deference were observed among equals and superiors alike.