käännetty

Käännetty is a Finnish term that functions as both a past passive participle and an adjective. It derives from the verb kääntää, which commonly means to translate or to turn. As a participle, käännetty denotes something that has been translated or turned and can modify a noun or appear in predicative constructions.

Morphology and usage

Käännetty is formed from the stem käännet- with the participial suffix -ty. In Finnish, adjectives and participles agree with the noun they modify in number and case, for example: käännetty kirja (a translated book), käännetyn kirjan (of the translated book). The form is predominantly used to indicate translation, rather than just physical turning, although the root sense of turning can influence some contextual meanings.

Applications in language

The most common use of käännetty is to describe text, media, or works that have been translated into another language. Examples include: Tämä artikkeli on käännetty englanniksi (This article has been translated into English) and Käännetty versio löytyy verkkosivuilta (A translated version is available on the website). In predicative position, it conveys the result of the translation process.

Distinctions and related forms

Käännetty should be distinguished from kääntyä, the reflexive verb meaning to turn or to bend, which yields a different participle kääntynyt. Related nouns and verbs include käännös (translation), kääntäjä (translator), and kääntäminen (translating/translation as a process). The term is widely used in scholarly, publishing, and media contexts to indicate that content has undergone translation.

See also

kääntäminen, käännös, kääntäjä, kääntäminen prosessina.