kuivsilmsuse

Kuivsilmsus, also known as dry eye disease, is a common condition where the eyes do not produce enough tears or the tears evaporate too quickly. This leads to insufficient lubrication and moisture on the surface of the eye. Tears are essential for maintaining eye health, protecting the ocular surface from infection, and providing clear vision.

The causes of kuivsilmsus are varied and can include environmental factors like dry or windy conditions, prolonged use of computers or screens, and certain medications. Age is also a significant factor, as tear production often decreases with age. Hormonal changes, particularly in women during menopause, can contribute to the condition. Underlying medical conditions such as Sjogren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, or thyroid disorders can also be associated with dry eyes.

Symptoms of kuivsilmsus can range from mild discomfort to severe pain and vision impairment. Common signs include a gritty or sandy sensation, redness, burning, itching, blurred vision that improves with blinking, and sensitivity to light. In some cases, the eyes may water excessively, which can be a paradoxical response to the dryness.

Diagnosis typically involves a review of medical history and a physical examination of the eyes. Specific tests may be performed to assess tear production and quality. Treatment aims to alleviate symptoms and improve the moisture level of the eyes. This can include artificial tears, lubricating ointments, prescription eye drops to stimulate tear production, and lifestyle adjustments such as using a humidifier or taking breaks from screens. In more severe cases, punctal plugs or other surgical interventions may be considered.