Kuivsilmsus

Kuivsilmsus, also known as dry eye disease, is a common condition where the eyes do not produce enough tears or the tears evaporate too quickly. This leads to discomfort and potential damage to the eye's surface. The tear film is essential for lubricating the eyes, washing away debris, and providing a clear surface for vision. When this film is compromised, individuals may experience symptoms such as stinging, burning, grittiness, redness, and blurred vision.

Several factors can contribute to the development of dry eye. These include aging, hormonal changes, environmental factors like dry or windy conditions, prolonged screen use, certain medical conditions such as Sjögren's syndrome or rheumatoid arthritis, and the use of some medications. It's a complex condition that can arise from either insufficient tear production or excessive tear evaporation, or a combination of both.

Diagnosis typically involves a review of symptoms and medical history, along with eye examinations. These exams may include tests to measure tear production and assess the tear film's quality. Treatment aims to relieve symptoms and improve tear film stability. Options range from artificial tears and lubricating ointments to prescription eye drops that stimulate tear production or reduce inflammation. Lifestyle modifications, such as taking breaks during screen time and using humidifiers, can also be beneficial. In more severe cases, punctal plugs may be used to block tear drainage.