kondrokyytteihin

Chondrocytes are the cells responsible for maintaining cartilage. They are found in small cavities within the cartilage matrix called lacunae. These cells are a specialized type of connective tissue cell, derived from chondroblasts. Chondrocytes play a crucial role in the development and ongoing health of cartilage, a resilient and smooth elastic tissue that covers the ends of bones in joints, allowing them to move against each other with very little friction.

These cells are characterized by their rounded or oval shape and are surrounded by a significant amount of extracellular matrix that they themselves produce. This matrix is primarily composed of collagen fibers, proteoglycans, and water, providing the cartilage with its structural integrity and ability to withstand mechanical stress. Chondrocytes are metabolically active and are responsible for synthesizing and secreting the components of this matrix, as well as enzymes that remodel it.

Unlike many other cell types, mature chondrocytes have a limited capacity for proliferation and repair. This is due in part to the avascular nature of cartilage, meaning it lacks blood vessels. Therefore, nutrient and oxygen supply to chondrocytes relies on diffusion through the matrix, a slow process that limits cellular activity and regenerative potential. When cartilage is damaged, the chondrocytes within the affected area may die, and their ability to replace lost matrix is often insufficient for complete healing. This makes cartilage injuries notoriously slow to recover.