kolposzkópiával

Kolposzkópia is a medical procedure used to examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva. It is typically performed by a gynecologist. The procedure involves using a colposcope, a specialized microscope with a light source, to magnify the tissues being examined. This allows the doctor to see abnormalities that might not be visible with the naked eye.

Before the examination, the patient is asked to undress from the waist down and lie on an examination table with their feet in stirrups, similar to a Pap smear. The doctor then inserts a speculum into the vagina to open it and visualize the cervix. A speculum is usually made of plastic or metal.

Next, the colposcope is positioned in front of the vaginal opening. The doctor then applies a dilute acetic acid (vinegar) solution to the cervix. This solution causes abnormal cells to turn white, making them easier to identify. In some cases, a solution of Lugol's iodine may also be applied. Normal cervical cells stain brown with iodine, while abnormal cells do not.

The doctor carefully examines the cervix, vagina, and vulva for any suspicious areas, such as abnormal vascular patterns, unusual growths, or discolored patches. If any abnormalities are found, a biopsy may be taken for further analysis in a laboratory. The colposcopy procedure itself is generally painless, although some women may experience a slight stinging sensation from the acetic acid solution or mild cramping if a biopsy is performed. The entire procedure typically takes about 10 to 15 minutes. Kolposzkópia is often recommended when a Pap smear shows abnormal results or if there are visible changes on the cervix. It is a crucial diagnostic tool for the early detection of cervical cancer and precancerous changes.