karcinóm

Karcinóm is a type of cancer that forms in epithelial cells. Epithelial cells are found throughout the body, forming the lining of organs, blood vessels, and body cavities, as well as making up the outer layer of skin. When these cells grow uncontrollably and form a malignant tumor, it is referred to as a carcinoma.

There are many different types of carcinomas, often named after the specific type of epithelial cell from which they originate. For example, adenocarcinoma arises from glandular epithelial cells, while squamous cell carcinoma originates from squamous epithelial cells. Carcinomas can develop in numerous locations, including the lungs, breast, prostate, colon, and skin.

The development of carcinoma is a complex process influenced by genetic mutations and environmental factors. These mutations can lead to uncontrolled cell division, invasion of surrounding tissues, and the potential to spread to distant parts of the body through a process called metastasis. Diagnosis typically involves imaging techniques, biopsies, and laboratory tests. Treatment strategies vary widely depending on the type, stage, and location of the carcinoma and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or targeted therapy.